Timeline: 2015-2026
Every row below is a dated event mentioned on a topic page elsewhere on this site — a protocol launch, a research paper, a protocol upgrade, a security incident, or a regulatory milestone. Ethereum and Solana events are interleaved chronologically rather than grouped by chain, because the two ecosystems’ histories constantly react to each other (Terra’s collapse reshaped stablecoin design on both chains; Uniswap v3’s launch is the reason Solana CLMMs exist; Ethereum’s MEV-Boost and Solana’s Jito converged on the same TEE-based fix from opposite directions). Where a page gives only a month or a year, this table states only that precision rather than inventing a day.
| Date | Chain | Event | Why it matters | Page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-11-19 | Ethereum | ERC-20 (EIP-20) token standard created | Standardized what a fungible token is on Ethereum — the base every DEX and lending market since has assumed | /foundations/token-standards/ |
| 2016-06-17 | Ethereum | The DAO hacked, $60M (3.6M ETH) | The reentrancy bug behind the ETH/ETC hard fork, and still the canonical bug-class example | /security/bug-classes/ |
| 2017 | Ethereum | MakerDAO launches DAI | The first CDP-backed stablecoin — mint dollars against locked crypto collateral | /stablecoins/cdp-stablecoins/ |
| 2017-07-19 | Ethereum | Parity multisig wallet hacked, $30M | Extracting shared init logic into a callable library turned “initialize once” into a standing vulnerability | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2017-11-06 | Ethereum | Parity multisig wallet library self-destructed, $280M frozen | An uninitialized library could be “owned” and destroyed, permanently bricking every dependent wallet | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2018-01-06 | Ethereum | Buterin proposes DAICOs | Gated fundraising spend behind an ongoing token-holder vote — an early governance-minimization experiment | /governance/governance-and-tokenomics/ |
| 2018-03-02 | Ethereum | Buterin documents front-running risk in x·y=k market makers | The first documented sandwich-attack example, published before Uniswap even launched | /exchange/cfmm-math/ |
| 2018-04-05 | Ethereum | k26dr proposes PID control for stablecoins | Originated feedback-controlled algorithmic peg design | /stablecoins/algorithmic-failures/ |
| 2019-04-10 | Ethereum | “Flash Boys 2.0” paper published | First academic naming of frontrunning and reordering risk on DEXs | /mev/mev-taxonomy/ |
| 2019-06-25 | Ethereum | Synthetix sKRW oracle malfunction, over $1B exploited | An early, dramatic lesson in trusting a single off-chain feed with no bounds check | /exchange/amm-oracles/ |
| 2019-11 | Ethereum | Angeris et al. publish “An analysis of Uniswap markets” | The formal proof behind x·y=k’s no-arbitrage band and manipulation-cost bounds | /exchange/cfmm-math/ |
| 2019-11-10 | Ethereum | Egorov publishes the StableSwap whitepaper | The amplification-coefficient invariant behind Curve, still the standard for pegged-asset AMMs | /exchange/stable-pools/ |
| 2020-01 | Ethereum | Curve launches | The first StableSwap deployment; still systemic infrastructure for stablecoin pegs today | /exchange/stable-pools/ |
| 2020-01-15 | Ethereum | Floersch proposes MEV Auction | Earliest proposal to sell transaction-ordering rights explicitly | /mev/order-flow-auctions/ |
| 2020-02-15 | Ethereum | bZx attack 1, $350K–$620K | One of the first flash-loan-funded exploits to draw wide attention | /lending/flash-loans/ |
| 2020-02-18 | Ethereum | bZx attack 2, $600K–$645K | Showed two “independent” oracle sources can be moved together by one attacker | /lending/flash-loans/ |
| 2020-03 | Ethereum | Uniswap v2 launches | The canonical constant-product AMM with a built-in TWAP oracle; still the reference implementation | /exchange/cfmm-math/ |
| 2020-03-12 | Ethereum | MakerDAO’s “Black Thursday” | Liquidation auctions cleared at $0 bids under gas-price congestion, exposing a mechanism-design flaw | /stablecoins/cdp-stablecoins/ |
| 2020-04-01 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes the Yield Protocol design | Originated market-discovered fixed rates via tradable, maturity-dated tokens | /lending/interest-rate-models/ |
| 2020-04-23 | Ethereum | Hegic launches; $28,000 permanently locked by a naming-collision bug | The canonical lesson that full collateralization is not automatically a low-risk design | /derivatives/options/ |
| 2020-05-11 | Ethereum | Drake & Buterin debate enshrined Eth2 price feeds | The still-unresolved debate over putting price feeds inside Ethereum’s own protocol | /oracles/oracle-manipulation/ |
| 2020-06 | Ethereum | Balancer loses ~$500,000 to a fee-on-transfer token | First widely documented case of a non-standard ERC-20 desynchronizing pool accounting | /foundations/token-standards/ |
| 2020-06-10 | Ethereum | Konstantopoulos & Hasu publish “Analysis of EIP-1559” | The economic case for a burned, algorithmically-adjusted base fee, over a year before it shipped | /foundations/fee-markets/ |
| 2020-08-28 | Ethereum | Robinson & Konstantopoulos publish “Ethereum is a Dark Forest” | The essay that made MEV concrete and visceral for most of the ecosystem | /mev/mev-taxonomy/ |
| 2020-10-26 | Ethereum | Harvest Finance hacked, $24M | Established the round-trip-a-flash-loan-through-a-pool pattern repeated for years afterward | /exchange/amm-oracles/ |
| 2020-10-28 | Ethereum | Ehrsam publishes “Governance Minimization” | The foundational argument that protocols should vote on as little as possible | /governance/governance-and-tokenomics/ |
| 2020-11-09 | Ethereum | samczsun publishes “So you want to use a price oracle” | The single most-cited walkthrough of real oracle-manipulation exploits | /oracles/oracle-manipulation/ |
| 2020-11-21 | Ethereum | Pickle Finance hacked, $20M | An unwhitelisted peer contract let an attacker redirect real deposits into a fake one | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2020-11-29 | Ethereum | Buterin proposes betting on many improbable events | The design problem Quantum Markets and its peers later respond to | /derivatives/prediction-markets/ |
| 2020-12-28 | Ethereum | Cover Protocol hacked, $4.4M | Stale in-memory reads authorized near-infinite token minting | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2021 | Ethereum | Curve v2 (CryptoSwap) launches | Extended StableSwap to volatile pairs using an internal repegging oracle | /exchange/stable-pools/ |
| 2021-02-13 | Ethereum | Alpha Homora / Cream Finance hacked, $37.5M | Undercollateralized borrowing extended to a “trusted” protocol is only as safe as that protocol’s own checks | /lending/money-markets/ |
| 2021-03-08 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “The Cartoon Guide to Perps” | The standard gentle introduction to perpetual-future funding rates | /derivatives/perpetual-futures/ |
| 2021-03-23 | Ethereum | Uniswap v3 announced | Introduced concentrated liquidity, up to 4,000x the capital efficiency of v2 for a narrow range | /exchange/concentrated-liquidity/ |
| 2021-03-25 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Ethereum Blockspace — Who Gets What and Why” | First clear map of searcher/builder/relay/proposer roles, before MEV-Boost existed | /foundations/mev-supply-chain/ |
| 2021-04-23 | Ethereum | Hasu & Konstantopoulos publish “On Staking Pools and Staking Derivatives” | The liquid-staking-token thesis, before Lido came to dominate the market | /staking/liquid-staking-tokens/ |
| 2021-05-05 | Ethereum | Uniswap v3 mainnet launch (targeted date) | Delivered concentrated liquidity in production; still the reference for range-bound AMM positions | /exchange/concentrated-liquidity/ |
| 2021-05-11 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Everlasting Options” | Applied the perpetual-funding trick to options, later shaping power perpetuals | /derivatives/power-perps-and-everlasting-options/ |
| 2021-05-31 | Ethereum | Miller (Flashbots) proposes MEV-SGX | The first TEE-based sealed-bid MEV auction design | /mev/encrypted-mempools/ |
| 2021-06-16 | Ethereum-compatible chains | Iron Finance’s TITAN collapses, wiping over $2B TVL | A smaller, earlier preview of the same reflexive death spiral that hit Terra a year later | /stablecoins/algorithmic-failures/ |
| 2021-07-28 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes TWAMM | Closed-form math for executing a huge order as infinite virtual trades against an embedded pool | /exchange/twamm/ |
| 2021-08 | Ethereum | Qin et al. estimate generalized-frontrunner profits at $35.37M over 32 months | Showed “generalized frontrunners” replaying any profitable transaction are not folklore | /mev/mev-taxonomy/ |
| 2021-08-10 | Multi-chain (mostly Ethereum L1) | Poly Network hacked, $611M | One of the largest hacks ever, later voluntarily returned by the attacker | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2021-08-17 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Two Rights Might Make A Wrong” | Showed how two individually correct components can compose into an exploit | /security/bug-classes/ |
| 2021-08-17 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Power Perpetuals” | Strike-free, expiry-free convex exposure via index — the design behind Squeeth | /derivatives/power-perps-and-everlasting-options/ |
| 2021-08-19 | Solana | Solend hacked, $16,000 | A tiny early exploit previewing Solana’s dominant missing-account-validation bug family | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2021-08-30 | Ethereum | Cream Finance hacked via ERC-777 reentrancy, $18.8M–$29M | Proved “safe,” standard-compliant transfer callbacks reintroduce reentrancy | /security/bug-classes/ |
| 2021-09-06 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes GOO (Gradual Ownership Optimization) | Cited on this site only as a source; no page states what shipped from it | /governance/governance-and-tokenomics/ |
| 2021-10 | Ethereum | Compound’s Proposal 62 over-distributes COMP, $70M–$90M at risk | A governance-approved upgrade became the bug, and governance was the only available fix | /governance/governance-and-tokenomics/ |
| 2021-10-27 | Ethereum | Cream Finance’s Iron Bank hacked again, ~$130M | A listed token’s transfer hooks interacted with reentrancy guards to re-borrow already-consumed collateral | /lending/money-markets/ |
| 2021-12-02 | Ethereum | Badger DAO hacked, $120M | A compromised Cloudflare API key injected malicious approvals into a legitimate front-end for three weeks | /security/bug-classes/ |
| 2021-12-13 | Polygon | Vulcan Forged hacked, $140M (refunded next day) | Semi-custodial wallets concentrate key-compromise risk exactly like a centralized exchange | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2022-01-27 | Ethereum | Aave publishes the V3 Technical Paper | The reference design for pooled lending, isolation mode and liquidation mechanics both chains still emulate | /lending/liquidations/ |
| 2022-02-02 | Solana | Wormhole hacked, $326M | A deprecated signature-verification function let an attacker mint wrapped ETH with no real collateral | /cross-chain/bridge-hacks/ |
| 2022-03-22 | Solana | Cashio hacked, $28M–$52.8M | Unvalidated collateral-account fields let an attacker forge collateral out of nothing | /stablecoins/pegs-and-psm/ |
| 2022-03-23 | Ronin (Ethereum-linked sidechain) | Ronin Network (Axie Infinity) hacked, $624M–$625M | A never-revoked signer whitelist stayed a live attack surface for four months | /cross-chain/bridge-hacks/ |
| 2022-04-17 | Ethereum | Beanstalk Farms hacked via flash-loan governance attack, $77M | Proved a flash loan can acquire and spend governance power within a single transaction | /governance/governance-and-tokenomics/ |
| 2022-05-07 | Terra (bridged exposure to Ethereum) | TerraUSD (UST) and LUNA collapse, tens of billions of dollars destroyed | The largest algorithmic-stablecoin failure — its own peg-defense mechanism accelerated the collapse | /stablecoins/algorithmic-failures/ |
| 2022-06-13 | Ethereum | stETH depegs to ~$0.93–0.95 per ETH | Showed a liquid staking token without on-chain redemption depends entirely on secondary-market liquidity | /staking/liquid-staking-tokens/ |
| 2022-06-19 | Solana | Solend’s “whale” liquidation crisis | A single outsized position forced governance to choose between disorderly liquidation and an emergency takeover | /lending/liquidations/ |
| 2022-06-24 | Harmony | Harmony Horizon Bridge hacked, $100M | A 2-of-5 multisig proved only as strong as its weakest stored key | /cross-chain/bridge-hacks/ |
| 2022-08-02 | Ethereum | Nomad Bridge hacked, $190M | A trusted root initialized to zero let anyone copy-paste anyone else’s valid message | /cross-chain/bridge-designs/ |
| 2022-08-11 | Ethereum | Milionis, Moallemi, Roughgarden & Zhang define LVR | Replaced the informal impermanent-loss formula with a rigorous, arbitrage-derived measure | /exchange/impermanent-loss-vs-lvr/ |
| 2022-09 | Ethereum | The Merge completes Ethereum’s proof-of-stake transition | Replaced miners with proposers and MEV-Boost builders, reframing MEV extraction around a builder auction | /mev/mev-taxonomy/ |
| 2022-09-09 | Ethereum | Adams & Wan publish “Just-in-Time Liquidity on the Uniswap Protocol” | The original measurement showing JIT liquidity was ~0.3% of volume, far below public perception | /exchange/lp-toxicity-and-jit/ |
| 2022-10 | Secret Network (SGX-based chain) | SGX consensus-seed key extracted via the ÆPIC Leak vulnerability | A TEE side-channel can threaten retroactive decryption of an entire “private” chain’s history | /mev/encrypted-mempools/ |
| 2022-10-11 | Solana | Mango Markets hacked, $100M–$117.8M | A trader’s own manipulated perp position was accepted by the risk engine as real collateral | /oracles/oracle-manipulation/ |
| 2022-11 | Solana | Serum’s upgrade key found to be held by FTX after its bankruptcy | Exposed that a shared order book’s upgrade authority was one private company | /exchange/order-books/ |
| 2022-12-16 | Solana | Raydium’s pool-owner key compromised, $2M–$4.4M | Showed a CFMM’s invariant protects against trades, not against privileged parameter changes | /exchange/cfmm-math/ |
| 2023-01-31 | Ethereum | Köppelmann publishes “Hashi” | The taxonomy of bridge trust models, and the finding that most historical bridge hacks were code bugs, not trust-model failures | /cross-chain/bridge-designs/ |
| 2023-02-07 | Ethereum | CoW Swap solver exploited, ~$166,000 | User wallets were never at risk; the loss was covered by the solver’s own bond | /exchange/batch-auctions/ |
| 2023-03-10 | Ethereum | USDC depegs to ~$0.87 after Silicon Valley Bank fails | $3.3B of reserves frozen at a failed bank propagated a depeg into DAI via its PSM | /stablecoins/pegs-and-psm/ |
| 2023-03-14 | Ethereum | Euler Finance hacked, $197M (mostly returned) | A donation function without a health check became existential, prompting an industry-wide shift toward isolated markets | /lending/modular-lending/ |
| 2023-04 | Ethereum | Lido/RockLogic client bug slashes 11 validators | A validator-client bug, not malicious behavior, caused correlated slashing across every operator running that client | /staking/liquid-staking-tokens/ |
| 2023-05-01 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Blend” | Peer-to-peer NFT lending that never computes a price, using a live lender auction instead of an oracle | /oracles/oracle-free-designs/ |
| 2023-05-15 | Ethereum | Drake proposes MEV burn | The protocol-level proposal to burn most block-auction proceeds instead of paying them to the proposer | /mev/mev-burn-tickets-focil-timing/ |
| 2023-05-25 | Ethereum | Neuder & Drake argue for enshrining PBS | The case for putting proposer-builder separation into consensus instead of relying on MEV-Boost relays | /mev/pbs-and-epbs/ |
| 2023-06-01 | Ethereum | Konstantopoulos & Kilbourn publish “Intent-Based Architectures and Their Risks” | Warned that outsourcing execution to intents risks recreating order-flow centralization | /exchange/rfq-and-intents/ |
| 2023-07-17 | Ethereum | UniswapX launches | The largest live intent system on Ethereum, a month after Paradigm’s Intents warning | /exchange/rfq-and-intents/ |
| 2023-07-31 | Ethereum | A Vyper compiler bug drains Curve pools, $61.7M–$69M | A compiler-level storage misalignment silently disabled reentrancy locks across every affected pool | /exchange/stable-pools/ |
| 2023-08-07 | Solana | Cypher Protocol exploited, ~$1.04M | A margin-logic bug later complicated by an insider’s own admission | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2023-11-22 | Ethereum + 5 L2s | KyberSwap Elastic hacked, $48M+ | A rounding error smaller than 0.00000000001% in tick-liquidity accounting was still exploitable at scale | /exchange/cfmm-math/ |
| 2023-12-23 | Ethereum | Drake & Neuder propose Execution Tickets | Sell proposing rights as a lottery instead of auctioning them per block | /mev/mev-burn-tickets-focil-timing/ |
| 2024-02-13 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Leaderless Auctions” | Removed a block leader’s “free option” to bid last, using threshold-encrypted bids | /mev/mev-burn-tickets-focil-timing/ |
| 2024-02-22 | Ethereum | Dietrichs & Schwarz-Schilling publish “Endgame Staking Economics” | Argued Ethereum should target a stake ratio instead of letting issuance drift upward forever | /staking/issuance-and-staking-economics/ |
| 2024-02-26 | Ethereum | Neuder & Chitra publish “The risks of LRTs” | Laid out compounding staking, slashing and redemption risk two months before the ezETH depeg | /staking/lrt-risks/ |
| 2024-03-08 | Solana | Jito Labs suspends its public “pseudo-mempool” | Immediately reduced sandwiching but pushed it into opaque private validator mempools instead | /mev/solana-mev/ |
| 2024-03-13 | Ethereum | Dencun upgrade ships EIP-4844 blobs | Added a separate, exponentially priced blob fee for rollup data, cutting L2 costs sharply | /foundations/fee-markets/ |
| 2024-03-26 | Ethereum (Blast L2) | Munchables hacked, $62.5M (mostly returned) | A single insider with legitimate upgrade authority is as dangerous as a stolen key | /security/bug-classes/ |
| 2024-04-23 | Ethereum | Renzo’s ezETH depegs ~79% in under an hour, $56M+ liquidated | The clearest proof that liquid restaking tokens are not a free lunch on top of restaking risk | /staking/lrt-risks/ |
| 2024-06 | Solana | Foundation removes 30+ validators from its delegation program for sandwiching | The community’s collective-action response to validators secretly recreating a mempool | /mev/mev-taxonomy/ |
| 2024-06-04 | Ethereum | Robinson & White publish “Priority Is All You Need” | Proposed MEV taxes — applications directly charging for priority-fee-revealed MEV | /mev/order-flow-auctions/ |
| 2024-06-11 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “From Staking to Restaking” (Symbiotic) | A generalized, any-collateral restaking protocol, complementary to EigenLayer’s ETH-centric design | /staking/restaking/ |
| 2024-08 | Solana | UXD Protocol shuts down | Solana’s own fully on-chain delta-neutral stablecoin failed commercially, not from a peg break | /stablecoins/delta-neutral/ |
| 2024-08 | Ethereum | Uniswap v4 whitepaper published | Turned the AMM into a platform via hooks, singleton pools, and flash accounting | /exchange/v4-hooks-and-am-amm/ |
| 2024-09-03 | Ethereum | Penpie (built on Pendle) hacked, $27M | A permissionless market-creation feature let an attacker deploy a malicious yield-source contract | /derivatives/yield-tokenization/ |
| 2024-10-08 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “How to Remove the Relay” | Proposed threshold encryption to attesters as an alternative to enshrined PBS | /mev/pbs-and-epbs/ |
| 2024-10-16 | Ethereum | Radiant Capital hacked, $50M–$58M | Malware delivered via a spoofed trusted contact compromised multiple signer devices at once | /security/trusted-hardware-and-threat-models/ |
| 2024-11 | Ethereum (Taiko L2) | Taiko’s fallback proposer loses 83.9 ETH to priority-gas-auction competition | Showed permissionless “based” sequencing can force even the rollup’s own operator to lose money | /mev/based-rollups-and-preconfs/ |
| 2024-11 | Ethereum | Opyn shuts down Squeeth | The one live power perpetual, after $1.8B in cumulative traded exposure and 18,000+ users | /derivatives/power-perps-and-everlasting-options/ |
| 2024-11-21 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “The 5 Levels of Secure Hardware” | A framework for what a TEE can and can’t guarantee, without hype | /security/trusted-hardware-and-threat-models/ |
| 2024-12 | Ethereum | White publishes “Distribution Markets” | Extended market-scoring-rule mechanics to continuous-outcome prediction events | /exchange/prediction-market-amms/ |
| 2025-01-25 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Ethereum Acceleration” | The strongest outside critique of Ethereum’s shipping speed, arguing for 1-2 forks a year | /foundations/roadmaps/ |
| 2025-02-12 | Ethereum | am-AMM paper reaches v4 | Added an equilibrium theorem alongside its cited open-source implementation (Bunni/BidDog) | /exchange/v4-hooks-and-am-amm/ |
| 2025-02-21 | Ethereum | Bybit hacked, $1.46B–$1.5B — the largest crypto theft on record | Compromised Safe{Wallet} front-end infrastructure, not any cryptographic break, moved $1.46B+ | /security/trusted-hardware-and-threat-models/ |
| 2025-03-06 | Ethereum | 1inch Fusion’s deprecated resolvers exploited, ~$5M | A memory-pointer underflow passed nine audits before being found | /exchange/rfq-and-intents/ |
| 2025-03-24 | Ethereum (Polygon) | Polymarket/UMA governance attack forces a $7M market resolution | A single actor controlling ~25% of a dispute vote forced a contested resolution through | /derivatives/prediction-markets/ |
| 2025-03-26 | Ethereum (Hyperliquid’s own L1) | Hyperliquid’s JELLY incident, up to $12M | A thin-market price pump forced the protocol’s own liquidity pool to inherit a bad position | /derivatives/perpetual-futures/ |
| 2025-04-26 | Solana | Loopscale exploited, $5.8M | A risk engine correctly priced a spoofed cross-program invocation’s fake collateral | /lending/risk-engines/ |
| 2025-05-06 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Across Prime” | A proposed bonded upgrade to escrowed cross-chain fast bridging | /cross-chain/intent-solvers/ |
| 2025-05 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Multiverse Finance” | Turned conditional prediction-market outcomes into fully composable parallel financial systems | /derivatives/prediction-markets/ |
| 2025-05-19 | Solana | Anza publishes the Alpenglow consensus proposal | The blueprint for Solana’s ~150ms finality target, later approved by validator vote | /foundations/roadmaps/ |
| 2025-05-28 | Ethereum | Cork Protocol hacked, ~$12M wstETH | An unauthorized hook call let an attacker deposit into a fake market and redeem genuine collateral | /exchange/v4-hooks-and-am-amm/ |
| 2025-06-02 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Orbital” | Proposed n-stablecoin concentrated liquidity via nested spherical ticks | /exchange/stable-pools/ |
| 2025-06-12 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Quantum Markets” | Let unlimited prediction-market proposals share one pool of trading capital | /derivatives/prediction-markets/ |
| 2025-07 | Solana | Jito announces BAM (Block Assembly Marketplace) | Moves Solana’s block sequencing into TEEs; launched in a permissioned phase | /mev/pbs-and-epbs/ |
| 2025-07-09 | Ethereum (Arbitrum L2) | GMX V1 hacked, $42M (returned for a bounty) | A reentrancy bug let an attacker inflate perceived pool value before redeeming | /derivatives/perpetual-futures/ |
| 2025-07-18 | United States | The GENIUS Act signed into law | The U.S.’s first comprehensive federal framework for “payment stablecoins” | /stablecoins/payments/ |
| 2025-08 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Opportunity Markets” | Let a sponsor privately crowdsource scouting without leaking its interest to competitors | /derivatives/prediction-markets/ |
| 2025-08-25 | Ethereum | Panoptic vulnerability disclosed, up to $5M at risk, $0 lost | A custom hashing scheme was found to be a variant of an academically broken one, caught before exploitation | /derivatives/options/ |
| 2025-09 | Solana | Alpenglow approved by validator vote (98.94% yes) | Solana’s largest consensus rewrite, trading a 33% Byzantine bound for a “20+20” model | /foundations/roadmaps/ |
| 2025-09-01 | Ethereum + Unichain | Bunni v2 (an am-AMM implementation) hacked, ~$8.4M | A rounding error in custom liquidity-distribution math, not the auction mechanism itself | /exchange/v4-hooks-and-am-amm/ |
| 2025-09-04 | Ethereum | Paradigm announces Tempo | A payments-first EVM L1 built with Stripe, with stablecoin-denominated fees | /stablecoins/payments/ |
| 2025-09-17 | Solana | marginfi flash-loan vulnerability disclosed, $0 lost, ~$160M at risk | A newly added instruction failed to check whether an account was mid-flash-loan, caught before exploitation | /lending/flash-loans/ |
| 2025-10 | Ethereum (research on Solana) | Gerzon et al. publish a peer-reviewed measurement of Solana sandwiching | First academic, not just blog-level, quantification of Jito-bundle sandwich losses | /mev/solana-mev/ |
| 2025-12-03 | Ethereum | Fusaka upgrade ships PeerDAS and a ~60M gas limit | Raised blob targets and capped per-transaction gas, continuing Ethereum’s data-availability scaling | /foundations/roadmaps/ |
| 2025-12-12 | Solana | Firedancer’s full client launches on mainnet | Solana’s second independent validator implementation, addressing single-client risk | /foundations/roadmaps/ |
| 2026-01-07 | Ethereum | Paradigm publishes “Stablecoin Interchange — And Why It Doesn’t Work” | Argued a proposed GENIUS Act restriction on reward-sharing misunderstands stablecoin economics | /stablecoins/pegs-and-psm/ |
| 2026-02 | Solana | Marino et al. publish a Pump.fun success-rate study | Found only 0.63% of 655,770 sampled token launches ever reached graduation | /exchange/bonding-curves-and-launches/ |
| 2026-02-14 | Solana | $LIBRA token launches and crashes | Insiders extracted $90M–$107M within hours of a politically-promoted, ~$4.5B peak market cap | /exchange/bonding-curves-and-launches/ |
| 2026-03 | Ethereum | Tempo mainnet launches | Roughly six months after announcement, with an initial permissioned validator set from design partners | /stablecoins/payments/ |
| 2026-04-01 | Solana | Drift Protocol hacked, $285M | Weeks of social engineering against governance Security Council members bypassed a timelock entirely | /derivatives/perpetual-futures/ |
| 2026-04-18 | Ethereum (LRT, cross-chain to Unichain) | KelpDAO hacked, $290M | A single-verifier cross-chain messaging configuration let one compromised verifier forge a “valid” message | /security/incident-timeline/ |
| 2026-05 | Ethereum | Morpho publishes the Midnight whitepaper | Brought Yield-Protocol-style fixed-rate discovery into an isolated, permissionless market framework | /lending/interest-rate-models/ |
| 2026-06 | Solana | Jupiter Forecast launches | Described as Solana’s first native prediction market, using competing “Prop AMMs” | /exchange/prediction-market-amms/ |
| 2026-06-10 | Solana | Legacy Raydium AMM V3 code exploited, $1.34M | Code retired from the UI but still live on-chain remained a fully active attack surface | /security/incident-timeline/ |
This table stops at 2026-08, the research cutoff for this site. Read alongside the incident database for the full loss/root-cause breakdown of every hack listed here, and the Ethereum vs Solana comparison for why the two chains’ timelines diverge structurally rather than by coincidence.